Exploring Hypertension on the Sub Variables of Quality of Life among Middle Aged Individuals 30 to 50 Years

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a chronic condition with significant implications for physical and psychological
health, often reducing quality of life (QoL). While most studies focus on elderly populations, limited research
explores its impact among middle-aged adults, a group increasingly at risk due to lifestyle changes. This study
investigates the effect of hypertension on QoL across key domains using the EQ-5D-5L scale.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 hypertensive individuals aged 30–50
years, selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, including
demographic details, BMI, blood pressure, and the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS tools. Statistical analysis involved
descriptive statistics and correlation analysis to examine associations between hypertension and QoL dimensions.
Results: Participants had a mean age of 39.7 years, with 56.7% females. The average BMI was 25.12 (overweight),
and the mean systolic BP was 152.91 mmHg. The EQ-5D-5L findings revealed significant impairments in pain/
discomfort and anxiety/depression domains, followed by usual activities, mobility, and self-care. A strong
positive correlation existed between weight and BMI (r = 0.802), while correlations between age, BMI, and
blood pressure were weak. EQ-VAS scores showed poorer perceived health among individuals with higher BP.
Discussion: Hypertension adversely affects physical, psychological, and functional aspects of QoL in middleaged
adults, particularly in mental health and pain domains. The lack of strong correlations between age and
BP suggests that additional lifestyle and psychosocial factors influence QoL outcomes. Interventions targeting
stress management, adherence, and physical activity are essential for improving health-related quality of life
in this population.
Conclusion: Hypertension significantly reduces QoL among individuals aged 30–50, underscoring the need for
comprehensive management strategies integrating medical, psychological, and lifestyle-based approaches.